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fibre optic displacement sensor  (Philtec Inc)

 
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    Philtec Inc fibre optic displacement sensor
    To further explore the mechanical underpinning of the observed differences in cutting strategy and cut initiation forces, we performed Finite Element Analysis. 3D models of both radial disc sections— (a) in-vivo behavioural assays— and rectangular sheets— (b) ex-vivo cutting experiments— were subjected to a fixed out-of-plane <t>displacement</t> at the notch centres. The resulting reaction force per unit displacement, the out-of-plane stiffness, was maximum for thick sheets with narrow notches, and monotonously decreased with increasing notch angle. For both radial and rectangular geometries, the values for out-of-plane stiffness were normalised with their respective maxima. In general, thick sheets had a larger out-of-plane stiffness than thin sheets (≈2.7 times). Across both geometries and sheet thicknesses, the out-of-plane stiffness decreased by a factor 3-6 between 0° and 180° notch angles, suggesting that sheets with narrow notches have a substantially higher resistance against bending and buckling. This increased resistance against out-of-plane deformation, in conjunction with higher maximum tensile stresses (see electronic supplementary materials figure S2b), likely facilitates knife-like cut initiation, in line with both behavioural observations— knife-cuts were preferred for sheets with sharp notches , and cutting experiments— the force at cut initiation was lowest for 0° notch angles .
    Fibre Optic Displacement Sensor, supplied by Philtec Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/fibre optic displacement sensor/product/Philtec Inc
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    fibre optic displacement sensor - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    90/100 stars

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    1) Product Images from "Behavioural biomechanics: leaf-cutter ant cutting behaviour depends on leaf edge geometry"

    Article Title: Behavioural biomechanics: leaf-cutter ant cutting behaviour depends on leaf edge geometry

    Journal: bioRxiv

    doi: 10.1101/2024.12.06.626987

    To further explore the mechanical underpinning of the observed differences in cutting strategy and cut initiation forces, we performed Finite Element Analysis. 3D models of both radial disc sections— (a) in-vivo behavioural assays— and rectangular sheets— (b) ex-vivo cutting experiments— were subjected to a fixed out-of-plane displacement at the notch centres. The resulting reaction force per unit displacement, the out-of-plane stiffness, was maximum for thick sheets with narrow notches, and monotonously decreased with increasing notch angle. For both radial and rectangular geometries, the values for out-of-plane stiffness were normalised with their respective maxima. In general, thick sheets had a larger out-of-plane stiffness than thin sheets (≈2.7 times). Across both geometries and sheet thicknesses, the out-of-plane stiffness decreased by a factor 3-6 between 0° and 180° notch angles, suggesting that sheets with narrow notches have a substantially higher resistance against bending and buckling. This increased resistance against out-of-plane deformation, in conjunction with higher maximum tensile stresses (see electronic supplementary materials figure S2b), likely facilitates knife-like cut initiation, in line with both behavioural observations— knife-cuts were preferred for sheets with sharp notches , and cutting experiments— the force at cut initiation was lowest for 0° notch angles .
    Figure Legend Snippet: To further explore the mechanical underpinning of the observed differences in cutting strategy and cut initiation forces, we performed Finite Element Analysis. 3D models of both radial disc sections— (a) in-vivo behavioural assays— and rectangular sheets— (b) ex-vivo cutting experiments— were subjected to a fixed out-of-plane displacement at the notch centres. The resulting reaction force per unit displacement, the out-of-plane stiffness, was maximum for thick sheets with narrow notches, and monotonously decreased with increasing notch angle. For both radial and rectangular geometries, the values for out-of-plane stiffness were normalised with their respective maxima. In general, thick sheets had a larger out-of-plane stiffness than thin sheets (≈2.7 times). Across both geometries and sheet thicknesses, the out-of-plane stiffness decreased by a factor 3-6 between 0° and 180° notch angles, suggesting that sheets with narrow notches have a substantially higher resistance against bending and buckling. This increased resistance against out-of-plane deformation, in conjunction with higher maximum tensile stresses (see electronic supplementary materials figure S2b), likely facilitates knife-like cut initiation, in line with both behavioural observations— knife-cuts were preferred for sheets with sharp notches , and cutting experiments— the force at cut initiation was lowest for 0° notch angles .

    Techniques Used: In Vivo, Ex Vivo



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    To further explore the mechanical underpinning of the observed differences in cutting strategy and cut initiation forces, we performed Finite Element Analysis. 3D models of both radial disc sections— (a) in-vivo behavioural assays— and rectangular sheets— (b) ex-vivo cutting experiments— were subjected to a fixed out-of-plane <t>displacement</t> at the notch centres. The resulting reaction force per unit displacement, the out-of-plane stiffness, was maximum for thick sheets with narrow notches, and monotonously decreased with increasing notch angle. For both radial and rectangular geometries, the values for out-of-plane stiffness were normalised with their respective maxima. In general, thick sheets had a larger out-of-plane stiffness than thin sheets (≈2.7 times). Across both geometries and sheet thicknesses, the out-of-plane stiffness decreased by a factor 3-6 between 0° and 180° notch angles, suggesting that sheets with narrow notches have a substantially higher resistance against bending and buckling. This increased resistance against out-of-plane deformation, in conjunction with higher maximum tensile stresses (see electronic supplementary materials figure S2b), likely facilitates knife-like cut initiation, in line with both behavioural observations— knife-cuts were preferred for sheets with sharp notches , and cutting experiments— the force at cut initiation was lowest for 0° notch angles .
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    To further explore the mechanical underpinning of the observed differences in cutting strategy and cut initiation forces, we performed Finite Element Analysis. 3D models of both radial disc sections— (a) in-vivo behavioural assays— and rectangular sheets— (b) ex-vivo cutting experiments— were subjected to a fixed out-of-plane <t>displacement</t> at the notch centres. The resulting reaction force per unit displacement, the out-of-plane stiffness, was maximum for thick sheets with narrow notches, and monotonously decreased with increasing notch angle. For both radial and rectangular geometries, the values for out-of-plane stiffness were normalised with their respective maxima. In general, thick sheets had a larger out-of-plane stiffness than thin sheets (≈2.7 times). Across both geometries and sheet thicknesses, the out-of-plane stiffness decreased by a factor 3-6 between 0° and 180° notch angles, suggesting that sheets with narrow notches have a substantially higher resistance against bending and buckling. This increased resistance against out-of-plane deformation, in conjunction with higher maximum tensile stresses (see electronic supplementary materials figure S2b), likely facilitates knife-like cut initiation, in line with both behavioural observations— knife-cuts were preferred for sheets with sharp notches , and cutting experiments— the force at cut initiation was lowest for 0° notch angles .
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    To further explore the mechanical underpinning of the observed differences in cutting strategy and cut initiation forces, we performed Finite Element Analysis. 3D models of both radial disc sections— (a) in-vivo behavioural assays— and rectangular sheets— (b) ex-vivo cutting experiments— were subjected to a fixed out-of-plane displacement at the notch centres. The resulting reaction force per unit displacement, the out-of-plane stiffness, was maximum for thick sheets with narrow notches, and monotonously decreased with increasing notch angle. For both radial and rectangular geometries, the values for out-of-plane stiffness were normalised with their respective maxima. In general, thick sheets had a larger out-of-plane stiffness than thin sheets (≈2.7 times). Across both geometries and sheet thicknesses, the out-of-plane stiffness decreased by a factor 3-6 between 0° and 180° notch angles, suggesting that sheets with narrow notches have a substantially higher resistance against bending and buckling. This increased resistance against out-of-plane deformation, in conjunction with higher maximum tensile stresses (see electronic supplementary materials figure S2b), likely facilitates knife-like cut initiation, in line with both behavioural observations— knife-cuts were preferred for sheets with sharp notches , and cutting experiments— the force at cut initiation was lowest for 0° notch angles .

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Behavioural biomechanics: leaf-cutter ant cutting behaviour depends on leaf edge geometry

    doi: 10.1101/2024.12.06.626987

    Figure Lengend Snippet: To further explore the mechanical underpinning of the observed differences in cutting strategy and cut initiation forces, we performed Finite Element Analysis. 3D models of both radial disc sections— (a) in-vivo behavioural assays— and rectangular sheets— (b) ex-vivo cutting experiments— were subjected to a fixed out-of-plane displacement at the notch centres. The resulting reaction force per unit displacement, the out-of-plane stiffness, was maximum for thick sheets with narrow notches, and monotonously decreased with increasing notch angle. For both radial and rectangular geometries, the values for out-of-plane stiffness were normalised with their respective maxima. In general, thick sheets had a larger out-of-plane stiffness than thin sheets (≈2.7 times). Across both geometries and sheet thicknesses, the out-of-plane stiffness decreased by a factor 3-6 between 0° and 180° notch angles, suggesting that sheets with narrow notches have a substantially higher resistance against bending and buckling. This increased resistance against out-of-plane deformation, in conjunction with higher maximum tensile stresses (see electronic supplementary materials figure S2b), likely facilitates knife-like cut initiation, in line with both behavioural observations— knife-cuts were preferred for sheets with sharp notches , and cutting experiments— the force at cut initiation was lowest for 0° notch angles .

    Article Snippet: In brief, the setup consisted of a fibre optic displacement sensor that measured the deflection of a bending beam ( µ DMS-RC32 controlled via DMS Control v 3.015, Philtec, Annapolis, MD, USA; see electronic supplementary material for details on sensor calibration and drift correction).

    Techniques: In Vivo, Ex Vivo